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Internet Mapping Project : ウィキペディア英語版
Internet Mapping Project

The Internet Mapping Project
was started by William Cheswick and Hal Burch at Bell Labs in 1997. It has collected and preserved traceroute-style paths to some hundreds of thousands of networks almost daily since 1998. The project included visualization of the Internet data, and the Internet maps were widely disseminated.
The technology is now used by Lumeta, a spinoff of Bell Labs, to map corporate and government networks.
Although Cheswick left Lumeta in September 2006, Lumeta continues to map both the IPv4 and IPv6 Internet. The data allows for both a snapshot and view over time of the routed infrastructure of a particular geographical area, company, organization, etc.〔("Lumeta Internet Mapping Project" )〕
Cheswick continues to collect and preserve the data, and it is available for research purposes. According to Cheswick, a main goal of the project was to collect the data over time, and make a time-lapse movie of the growth of the Internet.〔Cheswick, William. ("The Internet Mapping project" )〕
Today, Lumeta and many organizations such as CAIDA(The Cooperatave Association for Internet Data Analysis) continue internet mapping, which is the study of the physical connectivity of the Internet. They collect, monitor, analyze, and visualize several forms of Internet traffic data concerning network topology. This data is used for a variety of applications in business and society.〔CAIDA ("Topology Research" )〕
== Internet Mapping Techniques ==
Currently, all the techniques now available for network discovery rely on hop-limited probes of the type used by the Unix traceroute utility or the Windows NT tracert.exe tool. A Traceroute-style network probe follows the path that network packets take from a source node to a destination node. This technique uses Internet Protocol packets with an 8-bit Time to Live header field. As a packet passes through routers on the Internet, each router
decreases the TTL value by one until it reaches zero. When a router receives a packet with a TTL value of zero, it drops the packet instead of forwarding it. At this point, it sends an Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) error message to the source node where the packet originated indicating that the packet exceeded its maximum transit time.
〔("Mapping the Internet" )〕
Active Probing - Active probing is a series of probes set out through a network to obtain data. Active probing is used in internet mapping to discover the topology of the Internet. Topology maps of the Internet are an important tool for characterizing the infrastructure and understanding the properties, behavior and evolution of the Internet.〔I.B.M. T.J. Watson Research (Active Probing )〕
*See Network Mapping

抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)
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